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Reverse
Mortgages — Cashing In On Home Ownership
Many
consumers age 62 or older are "house-rich and cash-poor" — their
mortgages are paid off, but they are living
on fixed or limited incomes. A "reverse mortgage" may allow some
consumers to take advantage of their home as a
valuable asset and convert it to a source of income without losing
home ownership.
How Reverse Mortgages Work
A reverse mortgage is a loan: where the lender pays you in a lump
sum, a monthly advance, a line of credit, or a
combination of all three while you continue to live in your home. To
qualify for a reverse mortgage, you must own
your home. The amount you are eligible to borrow generally is based
on your age, the equity in your home, and the
interest rate the lender is charging. Funds you receive from a
reverse mortgage may be used for any purpose.
With a reverse mortgage, you retain title to your home. You are
responsible for maintaining your home and paying all
real estate taxes. Depending on the plan you select, your reverse
mortgage becomes due with interest when you
move, sell your home, reach the end of a pre-selected loan period,
or die. When you die, the lender does not take
title to your home, but your heirs must pay off the loan. Usually,
the debt is repaid by selling the home or refinancing
the property.
Facts to Consider about Reverse Mortgages
Reverse mortgages are rising-debt loans. The interest is added to
the principal loan balance each month, because it
is not paid on a current basis. The amount you owe increases over
time as the interest compounds. Some reverse
mortgages have fixed-rate interest; others have adjustable rates
that can change over the lifetime of the loan.
Reverse mortgages use up some or all the equity in your home,
leaving fewer assets for you and your heirs.
The three types of reverse mortgages — FHA-insured, lender-insured,
and uninsured — vary according to their
costs and terms. Check the features of each to select the type that
is best-suited for your needs. Before considering
any reverse mortgage, consult with family members, your attorney, or
financial advisor.
Reverse mortgages typically charge loan-origination fees and closing
costs. Insured plans charge insurance
premiums; some plans have mortgage servicing fees. You may be able
to finance these costs if you want to avoid
paying them in cash. But, if you finance the costs, they will be
added to your loan amount and you will pay interest on
them.
Your legal obligation to repay the loan is limited by the value of
your home at the time the loan is repaid. This could
include any appreciation in the value of your home after your loan
begins.
There are various reverse mortgage plans offered today. Consult your
attorney or financial advisor about the tax
consequences of the particular plan you are considering.
Reverse Mortgage Safeguards
The federal Truth in Lending Act (TILA) is one of the best
protections you have with a reverse mortgage. TILA
requires lenders to disclose the costs and terms of reverse
mortgages. This includes the Annual Percentage Rate
(APR) and payment terms. If you choose a credit line as your loan
advance, lenders also must tell you of charges
related to opening and using your credit account.
Reverse mortgage free information.
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